Rotary explosive-motor.



C. W. BRUSH. ROTARY EXPLOSIVE'MOTOR.

- i APPLCATION FILED JAN. 13,1916. 1 186 879; Patented June 13, 1916.

' I 4 5HEETSSHEET l.

v 6.: tozmq C. W. BRUSH.

ROTARY EXPLOSIVE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FI'LED JAN. 13. 1916.

Patented June-13, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. W. BRUSH.

- ROTARY EXPkOSlVE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN.13. 1916.

1,1 86,879. Patented June 13, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

.Fig.3.' Fig.4.

45 anfzar wh C. W. BRUSH.

ROTARY EXPLOSIVE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.J3, 191s.

Patented June 18, 1916 4 SHEETS SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES CHARLES W. BRUSH, OF BAT'I-I, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THOMAS SHANNON, OF BATH, NEW YORK.

ROTARY EXPLOSIVE-MOTOR Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 13, 191

Application filed January 13, 1916. Serial N 0. 71,912.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CHARLES BBUsH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bath, in the county of Steuben and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Explosive-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

useful improvements in otary explosive m0- tors.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a rotary motor which is cheap and easy to manufacture, being formed of but few parts and possessing great strength and efliciency, the motive power being an explosive mixture ignited after the manner of the usual gasolene engine.-

A further object of the device is the pro- ViSlOIl' of a rotary explosive-motor so arranged as to impart a large number, such as twelve, forcible impulses to the motor shaft during quency of the explosions of the motor approxlmating acontinuous application of force to the shaft whereby the smooth run- 1 ning of the motor I an explosion is effected, minimizing any pulsating effects upon the motor shaft which are sometimes present in this classof engines.

A still further object is the provision of a gasolene engineof the' r'otary type especially adapted for employment with aeroplanes and motor vehicles and being simpler in construction and more powerful in operationthan the-usual explosive motor ofjthe same size and weight, thesame being arranged with an eflicient water cooling device. The present internal combustion motor of the rotary type contemplates the employ.- ment of anexplosive mixture which has been placed under pressure exteriorly of, the

motor and isconducted to theexplo'sion.

chamber thereof at accurately. timed inter,- vals and adapted for.ignition for effecting operating uponthe adjacent pistonhead of the motor, the forward movement of such head operatingto'exhaust the products of a previous xplosiondn advance of the head outward y of an'open side port With these general objects in view and others that will appear as. the. nature of the invention is better understood, the same S15 consists in the novel'con'struction, combina gjfgtionand arrangement. of parts hereinafter.

' "Thisifiventionrelatestdcertairr new anilfig g is r gltudinal secmonal view thereof with the ineach revolution thereof, the fre-.

gather and 1 formation lay-m ans of a flplurality of bolts 14 removablysecured through radially pro.-

morefully described, companylngfidrawings, and then claimed.

In the drawings'forminga part of this appllcatlon and in which likedesignating characters refer to corresponding. parts throughout the several views:Figure l is a s1de elevation of the present invention w th the wire and pipe connections removed.

a vertical substantially central lon- Fig. 4 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 3 but with the abutment valvesin their open positions under theinfluence of the rotor cams. Fig. .5 is an "enlarged detail" sectional view through the abutment valvesclosed. spective view of a pair of the abutment valves removed from the'motor. Fig.7 is .a perspective View of a portion of the rotor with one of the pistons and pair of cains'carried thereby. of the same in F 1g. 6 1s a perdifierent relative positions.

I Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a portion a of one of the and, Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the.

side sections of the casing,

lever arm. detached'for one of the'abutment valves.

A single'motor of the present device being herein illustrated, the same will 'now be specifically described, it being understood however, that the same is capable of employment as 'aunit and a battery of any desiredgnumber of units may be-installed for is a central radial sec a portionof the motor casing, with Figs. 8 and'9 are edge views a if "illustrated in the acactuating a single power shaft, the plurality Y of units. being also formed with a single motor casing if desired.

j A motor casingispiovided consisting of oppositely formed cylindrical side sections lO'and 11' having, base portions-12' and 13 respectively, the said sections and base por- 1 ,tions being-adapted to be positioned to lseoured in their engine casing fly wheel 17 adjacent each of the opposite sidesof. the casing; 'A'disk form of rotor cent inner circular sections. A plurality of ranged for sliding tions.

" understood 18 is keyed as at 19 for revolvingwith the shaft 16, being arranged between the adjafaces 19 of the casing pistons 20 of cylin-. drical form are arranged upon the periphery of the rotor 18 being adapted for movement in an arcuate path through a circular piston chamber 21 formed in the said section faces 19. I

Abutment Operating cams 22 of wedgeshaped formation are arranged in pairs upon opposite sides of the rotor 18 and adjacent and inwardly of each of the pistons 20 while an annular receiving'groove 23 is provided in each W for accommoit ting s 22 during the ati ef movements of the rotor 18, it being understood that the cams 22 as well as the pistons 20' are slightly arcuate upon their longitudinal axial lines and that while the cams 22 freely move without friction through the grooves 23, the pistons 20 are provided with packing rings 24 for maintaining the pistons substantially fluid-tight within the chamber 21 after the usual mantier of engine structures. v

'Combined valve and abutment members 25 and 26..are provided, being arranged in pairs oppositely positioned at desirable points-within the motor casing and herein shown at four different points, it being noted that an arran ement of four abutments and valves is pre erable in connection with an arrangement of three of the pistons-2O such as herein shown. The abutment valves 25 and 26 are provided with complementally formed inner ends, being an arrangement of plug 27 and recess orsocket 28 respectively,

' .the said'abutment valves being positioned transversely of the piston chamber 21 armovement within inwardly opening sockets 29 of the casing sec- The outer ends of the sockets 29 are closed by means of dome-shaped bosses 30 forming. protuberances at opposite points upon the motor casing while expansion springs 31 are arranged within the sockets 29' for normally maintaining the abutment valves in their closed engagement with each other and with the chamber 21 closed in a fluid-tight joint, thus normally dividing the piston chamber 21 into four equal sized ex-. plosion chambers.

Each of the explosion chamber portions,

I of the piston chamber 21 is provided with an open obliquely arrangedoutlet. or" exhaust port 32 arranged adjacent the forward abutment of such chamber section and with an ignition device such as a spark plug 33 the rear at a point adjacent the abutmentat end of such explosion chamber, it being 7 that the pistons 20 move in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2 when the mbtor is in operation.

Each of the abutment valves 25 and. 26

- transversely of the valve sockets 29 extending ingthe ope with respect longitudinal sliding v The wisni eeed. nrinss3 rma y retain the abutmerit valves closed as shown in Figs. 3 and 5 0i the drawings and at which times, the opposite intermediate bowed out surface 40 of the lever arms is positioned within the path of movement of the pairs of cams 22 upon the rotor 18. It will thus be evident that during the revolution of the rotor 18, the inclined forward faces 11 of the cams 22 will engage the bowed portions 40 of the lever arms 34, thus swinging thesaid arms outwardly and separating the abutment valves 25 and 26 and arranging the same out of engagement with each other. The continued movement of the earns 22 retains the abutment valves separated to their fullest extent until the cams havepassed the lever ing arms 34 and be disconnected therefrom, the springs 31 normally closed abutment forming position piston chamber.

force the abutment valves inwardly to their The abutment valves 25 and 26 are each provided with a similar annular recess 42 and a conduit or passage si-ve mixture is arranged substantially axially through the abutment valve member opening atone end'in the annular recess 42 43 for the e-Xp1 f.

and at its other end substantially centrally of the abutting innerend of the member. An inlet pipe 44 is tapped into each of the obliquely through the bosses 30 of the motor casing and having 'an annular. supply pipe 45 attached to the outer ends thereof and whereby a desirable explosive mixture maybe supplied through a conduit 46, it being understood that such mixture is provided in the conduit-46 under ail-extremely high presure and obviating the necessity of being further compressed within the piston'chamber 21. The spark plugs 33 are provided with lead wires 47 whereby an electric current from any desired source of energy such as a battery or a magneto may be supplied to the plugs 36 and any suitable timing device for regulattion of each of the plugs 33 to the position of the adjacent piston 20 may be employed with the present motor after the manner of the timing degear such. as 48 may chambers motor shaft 16 and by means of which a water circulating pump, an electric magneto or a compressor for the combustion.

fluid may be operated.

The casing sections 10 and 11 are provided with communicating passages or water 49 arranged therein which may be filled with water or other cooling fluid and circulated if desired, pipe connections 50 being arranged in the motor casing sections communicating with the water chambers. The annular portions of the section faces 19 positioned outwardly of the chaming sections 10 and 11.,

' ber 21 are arranged with cooperating tongue 1 and groove members 51 providing a more secure engaging connection between the cas- Whenthe caslng sections are secured together by meansof the bolts 14 and with the operating elements herein described in their proper positions, a transverse tie rod 52 is secured through the base members 12- and 13 of the casing sections IQ and 11, the said sections thereby forming a base tionable upon a 4 7 From this detailed description of the device, it willbe understood that the rotor 18 and its pistons 20'may be initially started to revolve by'a slight turn given to either of -the fly-wheels 17. of the motor shaft 16.v The movement of each wardly and bringing the annular recess 42 of such valve in communication with the ad jacent fluid supply pipe .44 and whereby the explosive mixture under pressure is ad mitted through the conduit'43 ofjthe said-i" valve to apoint centrally of the inner face of the latter, the mixture thus being'brought in substantial contact with the side face of the adj acently positioned piston 20 until the piston faces thelopen innerendfof such passage. The admission pipes 44 are open during the entire sliding movement of the abutment valves and also during .the time when such valves are at the extreme outward limit-0f their movement; The explosive mix-' admitted under pressure within the passages 43 and in the rear of the, nearest piston 20 when the said piston has ture is thus passed the longitudinal center of the abutment-valve, this occurring while the rear ends of the adjacent cams 22 are in contact with the operating lever arms 34 rearwardly of the piston and also during the laterclosing operation of the valve. This disengagement of the cams 22 with the said lever arms 34allows the abutment valves 25 and 26 to close into their engagement with each other,

for the motor posipermanent support such as the ground or floor 53.

of the pistons 20 tothus-forcing the abutment valve which vis carried thereby outthus closing the fluid inlet'pipes 44 and trapping a quantity of, the compressed exshaft 16. The timing of the spark is readily effected for the plugs 33 so as to occur at each plugat a proper time after each piston 20 passes the pair of abutment valves arranged adjacent the said plug, and thus each plug will be fired three times upon each revolution of the rotor 18 and shaft 16 or in other words, each of the four spark plugs 33 will explode a charge of the combustion fluid at the proper adjacent positioning of each of the three pistons 20 so that twelve operative explosions will occur and a like number of successive impulses will be imparted to the rotor 18 and shaft 26 during each revolution thereof.

While the form shown and described is what is believed to be the preferred embodiment thereof, it is nevertheless to be understood that various forms,modifications and arrangements'of the parts may be made without departing from of the invention herein the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

'VVhat I claim as newis:

1. A rotary explosive motor comprising opposite cylindrical casing sections detachably secured together and having spaced opposite inner 4 engaging tongue and groove connections adjacent their outer periphery and with a concentric annular piston chamber and receiving groove' naled through disk-shaped and movably positioned between the said section faces, a plurality of cylindrical pistons peripherally carried by the said rotor and movably positioned within the said cham'ber, a pair of wedge-shaped cams oppositely positioned upon the said rotor inwardly of each of the said pistons, and combined fluid inlet valves and abut-ments operatively positioned adjacent the said piston chamber.

2. A rotary explosive motor comprising opposite cylindrical casing sections detachably secured together and having spaced opposed inner/faces provided with interengagirng tongue and groove connections adjacent their outer periphery'and with a concentric annular piston chamber and receiving groove, a power shaft centrallyv journaled through the said casing sections, a disk-shaped rotor keyed to the said shaft and movably positioned between the said section faces, a plurality of cylindrical pistons peripherally carried by the said rotor and movab ly positioned within the saidchamber, a pair of. wedge-shaped cams oppositely positioned upon the said rotor infaces provided with inter- ,.a power shaft centrallyjourj the said casing sections, a rotor keyed to the said shaft wardly of each of the said pistons, the said sections being provided with pairs of alining sockets spaced apart at opposite sides of the said piston chamber and with radially-extending grooves inwardly thereof,

I cylindrical abutment valves slidably positioned within the said sockets and havlng complementally formed abutting inner faces and each being provided with an axially arranged fluid conduit communicating with an' annular recess of the said member, a

combustion fiuid admission pipe extending into eachof the said valve sockets, a lever arm pivoted in each of the said radial grooves in operative connection with the adjacent abutment valve and normally posi tioned Within the path of travel of the said rotor "cams, and return closing springs for the said abutment valves.

3. A rotary'motor comprising a casing having an annular piston chamber therein and being further provided with oppositely- 4 outlet exhaust ports the said piston chamber intermediate each having and being arranged annular grooves,

with outlet exhaust arranged annular grooves concentrically positioned inwardly I rotor revolubly mounted Within the said casing, peripherally carried pistons upon the said'ro'tor arranged within the said.

chamber,foppos1tely positioned cams upon the rotor inwardly ofthe said pistons positioned within the said grooves, combined fluidinlet valves and abutments operatively arranged in the paths of-movement of the said cams andarranged in-pairs adjacent the opposite sides of-the said chamber, and a spark plug carried by valves, the said casing-being provided with communicating with pair of abutment valvesw '41. 1A rotary motor comprlsing a casing further provided. with oppositelya rotor revolubly mounted within the. said upon the said-rotor arranged within the said chamber, oppositely positioned cams upon the rotor positioned within the said grooves, pairs of abutment valves for the said chamber, and a spark plug within the said chamber. adjacent eachof the said pairs of abut ment valves, the said casingvbeing provided with the said piston chamber intermediate eachpair of abutment valves;

5,. A rotary motor comprising-a casing .having an annular and being piston chamber therein further provided with oppositelya'rranged annular grooves concentrically positioned inwardly of the "said chamber, a

rotor revol'ubly mounted within the said casing, peripherallycarried pistons upon the said rotor arranged ing throughv of the saidchamber, a.

the said chamber adjacent each of the said pairs of abutment an annular piston chamber thereincasing, pistonsner ends of the said groo ports communicating within the 'said chamber, oppositely positioned cams upon the rotor inwardly of the said. pistons positioned within the. said grooves, oppositely positioned pivoted lever arms carried by the said casing, connected to the said ,arms and having complementally formed adjacent inner faces and being arranged With fluid conduits therethrough, fluid admission pipes extendthe said casing adjacent the path of travel of the said abutments and in regulated communication with the fluid conduits thereof, the said arms being arranged with inwardly projecting portions arranged in the path of movement of the said rotor cams.

6. A rotary engine comprising a motor casing having an annular piston chamber therein and provided with radially inwardly-extending grooves communicating posite outwardly-extending sockets communicating with the said chamber and grooves, ported abutment valves having complementall formed inner faces shiftably positioned within said sockets, closing springs engaging the outer ends of the said valves, lever arms pivoted adjacent the inner ends of the said grooves and operatively slidingly attached to the said valves at the outer ends of the said arms,'fiuid conducting pipes tapped into the said sockets, and operating means for the said lever arms.

casing having an annular piston chamber therein and provided with radially inwardly-extending grooves communicating with the said chamber and also having opposite outwardly-extending "sockets comcylindrical abutments shiftably -7. A rotary engine comprising a motor I municating with the said chamber and grooves, ported abutment valves having complementally formed inner faces shiftably positioned within said sockets, closing springs engaging the outer ends ofthe said valves,lever arms pivoted adjacent, the inyes and operatively slidingly attached to the said valves at the outer endsof the said arms, fluid conducting pipes tapped into the said sockets, a rotor' revolubly mounted within the sai casing, a piston peripherally carried by the said rotor and arranged within the said chamber, and cams carr1ed by the opposite 7 sides of the rotor, and havlng forward inclined ends and having a path of travel transversely of the path of said lever arms and in the travel of the same plane as the said arms when in their normal positions with the said valves in their closed abutment forming arrangement.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

CHARLES W. BRUSH. 

